Foreign teachers in Vietnam need EITHER a Vietnamese motorcycle license OR a 1968 Vienna Convention International Driving Permit (IDP) to ride legally. Tourist visas cannot obtain Vietnamese licenses—you need a work permit, residence card, or visa valid for 3+ months. License conversion takes 7-10 working days and costs ~$20-25 USD including notarization. Key requirements: notarized passport, visa, home license with Vietnamese translation. Important: Since January 1, 2025, new A1 licenses cover motorcycles up to 125cc only (previously 175cc). Countries like USA, Canada, Australia, and UK cannot use their IDPs in Vietnam as they follow the 1949 Convention, not the recognized 1968 Vienna Convention.
Understanding Vietnam’s motorcycle license requirements is critical for foreign teachers who want to navigate the country legally, maintain valid insurance coverage, and avoid substantial fines ranging from 2-8 million VND (~$80-320 USD) depending on motorcycle engine size. This guide provides step-by-step instructions for obtaining a Vietnamese motorcycle license, understanding IDP regulations, and navigating the conversion process with specific costs, timeframes, and legal requirements verified from official Vietnamese government decrees and circulars.
Can Foreign Teachers Legally Ride Motorcycles in Vietnam?
Yes, foreign teachers can legally ride motorcycles in Vietnam with EITHER (1) a Vietnamese motorcycle license (A1 for bikes up to 125cc, A for over 125cc) OR (2) a valid 1968 Vienna Convention International Driving Permit (IDP) combined with their home country motorcycle license. Your home country license alone is NOT valid in Vietnam.
Vietnam officially recognizes two legal pathways for foreign motorcycle riders following Decree 46/2016/ND-CP, which took effect on August 1, 2016. The first option involves converting your home country motorcycle license to a Vietnamese equivalent through the Department of Transport. The second option allows riders from specific countries to use a 1968 Vienna Convention IDP alongside their original motorcycle license.
Your home country motorcycle license by itself carries no legal weight in Vietnam, regardless of how long it’s been valid or what endorsements it contains. Vietnamese traffic law requires compliance with local licensing regulations, and foreign licenses must either be converted or supplemented with the correct IDP format.
What Happens If You Ride Without a Valid License in Vietnam?
Riding without a valid license in Vietnam results in fines of 2-4 million VND for motorcycles over 125cc, vehicle impoundment for 10-15 days, complete invalidation of travel insurance, and potential imprisonment up to 3 years for serious violations.
According to Decree 168/2024/ND-CP (effective January 1, 2025), the specific penalties include:
- Monetary Fines (Article 18, Decree 168/2024/ND-CP):
- Motorcycles ≤125cc or ≤11kW electric: 2,000,000 – 4,000,000 VND (~$80-160 USD)
- Motorcycles >125cc or >11kW electric: 6,000,000 – 8,000,000 VND (~$240-320 USD)
- Vehicle Impoundment: 10-15 days of motorcycle confiscation, requiring you to pay storage fees and retrieval costs when you eventually collect your vehicle
- Insurance Invalidation: Your travel insurance and medical insurance will NOT cover any accidents, injuries, or damages if you were riding without a valid license—leaving you personally liable for all costs
- Criminal Penalties: Serious violations or repeat offenses can result in imprisonment up to 3 years under Vietnamese traffic law, particularly when violations cause accidents resulting in injury or death
- Immigration Consequences: Traffic violations can negatively affect your visa status, work permit renewals, and future visa applications in Vietnam
Vietnamese police have increased checkpoint frequency on popular routes like the Ha Giang Loop and Hai Van Pass, specifically checking foreign riders for proper documentation. The enforcement of these penalties has strengthened significantly with the new decree effective from January 2025, with fines substantially higher than previous years.
Does Vietnam Recognize International Driving Permits (IDPs)?
Vietnam recognizes ONLY International Driving Permits (IDPs) issued under the 1968 Vienna Convention on Road Traffic, effective since August 1, 2016 (Decree 46/2016/ND-CP). IDPs from USA, Canada, Australia, UK, Japan, and New Zealand are NOT valid because these countries follow the 1949 Geneva Convention instead.
The critical distinction between the 1949 Geneva Convention and the 1968 Vienna Convention determines whether your IDP has any legal standing in Vietnam. Many foreign teachers arrive in Vietnam with IDPs from their home countries, only to discover these documents provide no legal protection because their country signed the wrong international agreement.
The 1968 Convention represents a separate international treaty with different signatory nations. Vietnam’s decision to recognize only 1968 IDPs through Decree 46/2016/ND-CP means that millions of travelers from major English-speaking countries cannot use their IDPs legally in Vietnam.
Which Countries Have Valid IDPs for Vietnam?
Countries that signed the 1968 Vienna Convention have valid IDPs for Vietnam, including most EU countries, Philippines, South Korea, Thailand, and others. Major exclusions: USA, Canada, Australia, UK, Japan, New Zealand, India, Ireland, and Iceland (these follow the 1949 Convention). Note: Netherlands IDPs are no longer valid since August 15, 2025.
| IDP Status | Countries | Valid in Vietnam? |
|---|---|---|
| 1968 Convention | Most EU countries, Philippines, South Korea, Thailand, Indonesia, Singapore, Malaysia, Vietnam (ASEAN countries) | YES |
| 1949 Convention | USA, Canada, Australia, UK, Japan, New Zealand, India, Ireland, Iceland | NO |
| Special Exception | Netherlands (ANWB discontinued issuance August 15, 2025) | NO |
The Netherlands represents a unique case where the Dutch automobile association ANWB announced in August 2025 that it would no longer issue IDPs valid for Vietnam, effectively ending Dutch IDP validity in the country despite the Netherlands being a 1968 Convention signatory.
For teachers from the United States, Canada, Australia, or the United Kingdom—the four largest sources of foreign English teachers in Vietnam—the 1949 IDP provides zero legal protection. These teachers must either obtain a Vietnamese motorcycle license or avoid riding motorcycles entirely.
What Documents Do I Need to Use My IDP in Vietnam?
To use your IDP in Vietnam, you must carry BOTH (1) your valid 1968 Vienna Convention IDP AND (2) your original home country motorcycle license with motorcycle endorsement. Both documents must be presented together if stopped by police.
The IDP functions as a translation document rather than a standalone license. Vietnamese police conducting traffic stops will request both documents, and presenting only your IDP without the corresponding home country license constitutes a traffic violation equivalent to riding without any license at all.
Your home country license must specifically include motorcycle authorization—a standard car license without motorcycle endorsement does not qualify, even when paired with an IDP. The vehicle class designation on your IDP must match the motorcycle category you’re riding in Vietnam.
Once you’ve secured your motorcycle license and started settling into Vietnam, you’ll also need to set up banking services. Check out our guide to International Banks in Vietnam: HSBC, ANZ, Citibank Guide for opening accounts as a foreign teacher.
Can I Get a Vietnamese Motorcycle License on a Tourist Visa?
No, you CANNOT get a Vietnamese motorcycle license on a tourist visa. Vietnamese law requires a visa or residence permit valid for at least 3 months to apply for license conversion or testing. Tourist visas (typically 15-30 days) do not qualify.
The 3-month minimum visa validity requirement represents an absolute barrier that the Department of Transport offices enforce consistently across Vietnam. This regulation exists because Vietnamese motorcycle licenses for foreigners are tied to residence status—the government issues these licenses only to individuals with established legal presence in the country beyond short-term tourism.
Tourist visas ranging from 15 to 90 days fall below the threshold needed for license applications. Even if you possess a 60-day or 90-day tourist visa, most Department of Transport offices interpret the regulation strictly, requiring evidence of work authorization or extended residence rather than simple tourist presence.
The practical implication for foreign teachers means you cannot obtain a Vietnamese motorcycle license before arriving in Vietnam or during your initial tourist visa period. You must first secure your teaching position, receive your work permit, and then begin the license conversion process.
What Visa Types Qualify for a Vietnamese Motorcycle License?
Visa types that qualify for Vietnamese motorcycle license: (1) Work permit (most common for teachers), (2) Temporary Residence Card (TRC), (3) Business visa valid for 6-12 months, (4) Long-term student visa (3+ months), (5) Permanent residence card.
Each qualifying visa type provides the necessary legal foundation for license applications:
- Work Permit: Foreign teachers employed at registered educational institutions receive work permits as part of their employment documentation. Work permits typically carry 12-24 month validity periods and represent the most common pathway for English teachers to qualify for Vietnamese motorcycle licenses.
- Temporary Residence Card (TRC): Long-term expatriates living in Vietnam obtain TRCs through various routes including marriage to Vietnamese citizens, business ownership, or extended residence. TRCs provide 1-3 year validity periods depending on the specific category.
- Business Visa (DN visa): Business visas issued for 6-12 months satisfy the minimum requirement, though some Department of Transport offices scrutinize these visas more carefully than work permits. Business visas work best when supported by employment letters or business registration documents.
- Student Visa: International students enrolled in Vietnamese universities or language programs with visas valid for 6+ months can apply for motorcycle licenses. Student visas shorter than 6 months may face rejection despite meeting the technical 3-month minimum.
- Permanent Residence Card: The most secure option, though extremely rare for foreign teachers, permanent residence provides unlimited validity for license applications and renewals.
How Do I Convert My Foreign License to a Vietnamese Motorcycle License?
Converting your foreign motorcycle license to a Vietnamese license takes 7-10 working days and requires: (1) notarized passport + visa copies, (2) notarized home license + Vietnamese translation, (3) application form, (4) 3+ month visa validity. Submit to your nearest Department of Transport. Official costs: Application fee 135,000 VND, total approximately $20-25 USD for DIY approach.
The conversion process follows a straightforward administrative procedure that most foreign teachers can complete independently without hiring expensive service companies. The key lies in understanding the exact document requirements and allowing sufficient time for notarization and translation services.
Step 1: Verify Eligibility (~1 Day)
Before beginning the conversion process, confirm three essential qualifications:
Your home country license must include specific motorcycle authorization or endorsement. A standard automobile license without motorcycle coverage does not qualify for conversion to a Vietnamese motorcycle license—you would need to take the Vietnamese practical riding test instead.
Your visa, work permit, or residence card must show validity for 3+ months minimum from your application date. Department of Transport offices calculate this requirement from the date you submit your conversion application, not from the current date.
Your passport must remain valid throughout the expected license validity period. Since Vietnamese licenses for foreigners expire when visas expire, ensure your passport won’t expire before your visa or work permit.
Step 2: Get Documents Notarized (~2-3 Days, Cost: Approximately 120,000-200,000 VND)
Vietnamese law requires official notarization of specific documents before the Department of Transport will process your application. Notarization services are available from several sources:
Government-authorized notary offices throughout major cities provide notarization options. Note: Notarization costs vary significantly by location and office, typically ranging from 120,000 to 200,000 VND for the complete document set based on reported experiences, though official fee schedules are not uniformly published.
Your home country embassy or consulate can notarize documents but often charges significantly higher fees and requires appointments scheduled days or weeks in advance.
People’s Committee offices in District 1 of Ho Chi Minh City and some Hanoi locations offer notarization services for certain documents, though availability varies by location.
You must notarize:
- Passport photo page
- Current visa page
- Most recent Vietnam entry stamp page
- Home country motorcycle license (front and back if double-sided)
Request 2 copies of each notarized document, as the Department of Transport requires duplicates for their records.
Step 3: Translate License to Vietnamese (~2-3 Days, Included in Notarization)
Vietnamese regulations mandate that all foreign language documents submitted to government offices must include certified Vietnamese translations. Most notary offices provide translation services as part of their notarization package, eliminating the need to coordinate separate translation appointments.
The translation must be performed by a government-authorized translator with official certification. Self-translations, unofficial translations, or translations by non-certified individuals will be rejected by the Department of Transport regardless of accuracy.
The translation covers every element of your home country license including:
- Your full legal name
- License issue date and expiration date
- Authorized vehicle categories
- Any restrictions or endorsements
- Issuing authority information
The notary office stamps and certifies the translation, creating an official document recognized by Vietnamese authorities. The combined notarization and translation process typically requires 2-3 business days for completion.
Step 4: Submit to Department of Transport (~1 Day, Cost: 135,000 VND)
With your notarized and translated documents ready, visit your nearest Department of Transport office during regular business hours (Monday-Friday, typically 8:00 AM – 4:30 PM, with lunch break 11:30 AM – 1:00 PM at most locations).
Bring the complete document package:
- Application form (available at the office or downloadable from government websites)
- Original passport (for verification)
- Original home country motorcycle license (for verification)
- All notarized passport copies (2 sets)
- All notarized home license copies (2 sets)
- Vietnamese translation of license (2 copies)
- Work permit, residence card, or qualifying visa documentation (original + copy)
- 135,000 VND cash for the application fee (per Circular 37/2023/TT-BTC)
The submission counter staff will review your documents for completeness. If anything is missing or improperly notarized, you’ll need to return another day with corrected documents—this highlights the importance of careful preparation.
An official will take your photograph on-site using their digital camera system. This photograph appears on your Vietnamese motorcycle license, so dress appropriately as you would for any official identification document.
After document verification and photography, you pay the 135,000 VND application fee (~$5.50 USD) at the cashier window and receive an official receipt. Keep this receipt—you must present it when collecting your license.
Note: If submitting online (available through official government portals), the fee is reduced to 115,000 VND from December 1, 2023, to December 31, 2025, per Circular 63/2023/TT-BTC.
Step 5: Wait for Processing (7-10 Working Days)
The Department of Transport processes conversion applications through their central database system, verifying document authenticity and creating your official Vietnamese motorcycle license. The standard processing time ranges from 7-10 working days, though some locations complete processing faster while others may take the full 10 days.
During this period, you cannot legally ride a motorcycle in Vietnam unless you possess a valid 1968 IDP. Your submitted documents remain with the Department of Transport, and you receive only your receipt as temporary proof of application.
Some Department of Transport offices offer SMS notification when your license is ready for collection, though this service is not universally available. Without notification, plan to return after 10 working days to collect your license.
Step 6: Collect License
Return to the same Department of Transport office where you submitted your application. Bring your original passport and the receipt provided during document submission.
The collection window operates during the same business hours as submission. Present your receipt and passport for verification, and staff will retrieve your completed Vietnamese motorcycle license from their secure storage.
Verify all information on your license immediately:
- Your legal name matches your passport exactly
- License issue date and expiration date are correct
- Vehicle category (A1 or A) matches your application
- Your photograph is clear and recognizable
Your license validity will match whichever expires first: your visa expiration date, your work permit expiration date, or your home country license expiration date. This means if your work permit expires in 6 months but your home license remains valid for 5 years, your Vietnamese license expires in 6 months and must be renewed when you renew your work permit.
Where Are the Department of Transport Offices for License Conversion?
Major Department of Transport locations: (1) Hanoi: 16 Cao Ba Quat Street, Ba Dinh OR 2 Duong Phung Hung, Van Quan, Ha Dong, (2) Ho Chi Minh City: 63 Ly Tu Trong, District 1, (3) Da Nang: 24 Duong Tran Phu, Thach Thang, Hai Chau, (4) Hue: 10 Phan Boi Chau, Vinh Ninh.
Hanoi Locations:
- Primary Office: 16 Cao Ba Quat Street, Ba Dinh District, Hanoi (most convenient for central Hanoi residents)
- Secondary Office: 2 Duong Phung Hung, Van Quan, Ha Dong District, Hanoi (often less crowded)
Ho Chi Minh City:
- Main Office: 63 Ly Tu Trong Street, Ben Nghe Ward, District 1 (central location near Nguyen Hue Walking Street)
Da Nang:
- Office Location: 24 Duong Tran Phu, Thach Thang Ward, Hai Chau District
Hue:
- Office Location: 10 Phan Boi Chau, Vinh Ninh Ward
Each office processes the same standardized application, so choosing between Hanoi locations depends primarily on convenience to your residence or workplace. The District 1 location in Ho Chi Minh City handles the highest volume of foreign applications and employs staff with more experience processing international documents.
How Much Does It Cost to Get a Motorcycle License in Vietnam?
DIY conversion costs approximately $20-25 USD total (notarization approximately 120,000-200,000 VND + application fee 135,000 VND). Service companies charge $150-350 USD for full assistance. If taking the test from scratch: theory exam 60,000 VND, practical exam 70,000 VND, plus notarization/application fees.
| Method | Cost (USD) | Cost (VND) | Time | Best For |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DIY Conversion | ~$20-25 | ~320,000-335,000 | 7-10 days | Teachers with motorcycle license |
| Service Company | $150-350 | 3.5-8.5 million | 7-10 days | Those wanting full assistance |
| Testing (No License) | ~$30-35 | ~730,000-850,000 + notary | 1-2 months | Teachers without motorcycle license |
Note on costs: The DIY conversion total includes notarization (approximately 120,000-200,000 VND based on reported experiences, though costs vary by location and office) and the official application fee (135,000 VND per Circular 37/2023/TT-BTC). Additional minor costs include photocopies and transportation to government offices.
Service companies charging $150-350 USD provide convenience by handling document collection, coordinating notarization appointments, managing Department of Transport submissions, and delivering completed licenses to your home or workplace. The premium cost reflects their time investment and familiarity with the bureaucratic process rather than any faster processing—your license still takes 7-10 working days regardless of whether you use a service company.
Teachers without existing motorcycle licenses face additional testing costs including the theory exam (60,000 VND per attempt) and practical riding test (70,000 VND per attempt per Circular 37/2023/TT-BTC), plus extended timeline due to test scheduling and preparation requirements.
What’s Included in Service Company Fees?
Service companies charging $150-350 USD typically include: document collection, notarization arrangement, translation service, Department of Transport submission, photo assistance, and license pickup/delivery. You save time but pay premium for convenience.
The service package generally covers:
Document Collection: Representatives visit your home or workplace to collect your passport, visa documentation, and home country license, eliminating your need to visit notary offices.
Notarization Coordination: The company arranges all notarization appointments and manages the certification process at authorized government offices.
Translation Service: Professional Vietnamese translation of your home country license with proper certification and government stamps.
Department of Transport Liaison: Company staff submit your complete application package to the Department of Transport, handle any questions or issues that arise during processing, and track your application status.
Photography Arrangement: Some services coordinate the official photograph at the Department of Transport, though most locations require your in-person presence for this step regardless of service company involvement.
License Delivery: Upon completion, the service delivers your new Vietnamese motorcycle license to your specified address rather than requiring you to return to the Department of Transport for collection.
The significant price variation between various service companies reflects their location (Hanoi vs. Ho Chi Minh City), their reputation and track record, and whether they offer English-language customer support throughout the process.
What If I Don’t Have a Motorcycle License from My Home Country?
If you don’t have a motorcycle license from your home country, you must take BOTH the Vietnamese theory test (20 questions, need 18 correct, 100% in Vietnamese, no interpreters) AND practical riding test (figure-8 course, need 80/100 points). Total official test costs: 130,000 VND (theory 60,000 VND + practical 70,000 VND per Circular 37/2023/TT-BTC). Processing takes 1-2 months.
Teachers arriving in Vietnam with only automobile licenses or no driving credentials face significantly more challenging requirements. The Vietnamese government requires demonstration of both theoretical knowledge of traffic laws and practical motorcycle riding skills before issuing licenses to applicants without existing motorcycle credentials.
The 1-2 month timeline accounts for test scheduling constraints, the likelihood of needing multiple attempts at the Vietnamese-language theory exam, and processing time after successful completion of both examinations. Many foreign teachers underestimate the difficulty of passing a theory test conducted entirely in Vietnamese without translation assistance.
How Does the Vietnamese Theory Test Work?
The Vietnamese theory test is computer-based with 20 multiple-choice questions, requiring 18 correct answers to pass. The test is conducted entirely in Vietnamese with NO interpreters allowed. Cost: 60,000 VND per attempt (Circular 37/2023/TT-BTC). You must memorize Vietnamese traffic law vocabulary to pass.
The examination system presents questions on a computer screen at Department of Transport testing centers. Each question offers 3-4 multiple choice answers, and you must select the correct response within the time limit.
Key Test Parameters:
- Total questions: 20
- Passing score: 18 correct (90% accuracy required)
- Test language: 100% Vietnamese
- Interpreter assistance: Prohibited
- Cost per attempt: 60,000 VND (~$2.50 USD) per Circular 37/2023/TT-BTC
- Test format: Computer-based multiple choice
- Time limit: No strict time limit, but testing centers prefer completion within 20-30 minutes
The 90% passing threshold allows only 2 incorrect answers before failing. This strict requirement combined with the Vietnamese-language barrier creates substantial difficulty for foreign teachers unfamiliar with Vietnamese traffic terminology.
Common question topics include:
- Traffic sign recognition and meanings
- Right-of-way rules at intersections
- Speed limits in various zones
- Proper following distances
- Alcohol consumption limits
- Helmet requirements
- Traffic light sequences and meanings
- Proper lane usage
- Emergency vehicle protocols
Some foreign teachers study by memorizing question patterns and answer positions rather than translating every word. Others hire Vietnamese friends or colleagues to help them understand key traffic vocabulary before attempting the exam. The lack of official English-language testing options means you must develop strategies for navigating Vietnamese text regardless of your language proficiency.
Failed attempts require rescheduling and paying another 60,000 VND examination fee. Most testing centers allow same-week rescheduling for failed attempts, though some locations impose 1-2 week waiting periods between attempts.
How Does the Vietnamese Practical Riding Test Work?
The Vietnamese practical test uses a figure-8 course with sensors. You start with 100 points and lose 5 points for each line violation. You need 80+ points to pass. The test uses their semi-automatic motorcycles (not your own bike). Cost: 70,000 VND per attempt (Circular 37/2023/TT-BTC).
The riding examination takes place on a closed course at designated testing facilities, typically located at the same complex as the Department of Transport office where you submitted your theory test registration.
Test Structure:
- Starting score: 100 points
- Pass requirement: 80+ points (80% or higher)
- Point deduction: -5 points per violation
- Test duration: ~15 minutes including setup and course completion
- Cost per attempt: 70,000 VND (~$3 USD) per Circular 37/2023/TT-BTC
- Provided motorcycle: Semi-automatic transmission (Honda Wave or similar model)
- Personal motorcycle use: Not permitted
The course layout includes several standardized elements:
- Figure-8 Pattern: The primary challenge involves navigating a tight figure-8 course marked by painted lines or raised barriers. The course width allows minimal margin for error, requiring precise slow-speed control and balance. Ground sensors detect when your motorcycle tires cross boundary lines, automatically deducting 5 points per infraction.
- Narrow Path: A straight section with width restrictions tests your ability to maintain a controlled line without weaving or wobbling.
- Speed Bumps: Small elevated sections require smooth throttle and clutch control to avoid jerking or stalling.
- Stopping Accuracy: Designated stop zones require you to halt your motorcycle with the front wheel positioned within marked boundaries.
The semi-automatic motorcycles provided for testing differ significantly from fully automatic scooters many foreign teachers plan to ride. These bikes feature manual gear shifting but no clutch lever—you shift gears with your foot but throttle control manages engine engagement. If you’ve never ridden a semi-automatic motorcycle, arriving 1-2 hours early allows practice time on the course before your scheduled exam.
Most Vietnamese riders and foreign teachers pass the practical examination on their first or second attempt, especially if they have prior motorcycle experience. The course tests basic control skills rather than advanced riding techniques, making it accessible to riders with fundamental motorcycle handling abilities.
Managing your finances as a foreign teacher extends beyond international banks. For day-to-day banking needs and lower fees, explore Best Local Banks for Foreign Teachers in Vietnam to find Vietnamese banks that offer English support and expat-friendly services.
What Are the Different Motorcycle License Categories in Vietnam?
Vietnam has two main motorcycle license categories as of January 1, 2025 (Law 36/2024/QH15): (1) A1 for motorcycles up to 125cc or electric bikes up to 11kW, (2) A for motorcycles over 125cc or electric bikes over 11kW. Licenses issued before January 1, 2025 remain valid for up to 175cc.
| License Type | Motorcycle Size | Electric Motorcycle | Effective Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| A1 (Pre-2025) | Up to 175cc | Up to 11kW | Issued before Jan 1, 2025 |
| A1 (Post-2025) | Up to 125cc | Up to 11kW | Issued after Jan 1, 2025 |
| A | Over 125cc | Over 11kW | Current standard |
The January 1, 2025 law change represents a significant shift in Vietnamese motorcycle licensing under Law 36/2024/QH15. This new regulation reduces the A1 license coverage from 175cc to 125cc, affecting all new licenses issued from that date forward.
CRITICAL 2025 LAW CHANGE:
If you obtained your A1 license before January 1, 2025, your license remains valid for motorcycles up to 175cc—you do NOT need to retake any test or exchange your license. Your existing license maintains its original specifications until expiration.
If you apply for an A1 license after January 1, 2025, your license covers only motorcycles up to 125cc. To ride motorcycles between 125cc and 175cc or larger, you must obtain an A license, which requires passing additional testing for higher-displacement motorcycles.
The practical impact for foreign teachers: Most rental scooters in Vietnam range from 110cc to 150cc. The popular Honda Vision (110cc), Honda Air Blade (125cc), and Yamaha NVX (125cc) all remain legal under post-2025 A1 licenses. However, the Honda SH (150cc) and larger touring motorcycles now require an A license instead of the previously sufficient A1 license.
Electric motorcycle regulations underwent simultaneous changes, with the 11kW power threshold replacing displacement measurements for battery-powered vehicles. Most electric scooters available for rent in Vietnamese cities fall below 11kW, making them A1-eligible regardless of the 2025 changes.
How Long Is a Vietnamese Motorcycle License Valid?
For foreigners converting foreign licenses, your Vietnamese motorcycle license validity matches whichever expires first: (1) your visa/residence permit expiration, (2) your home country license expiration, or (3) Vietnamese license standard validity. For those who pass Vietnamese tests, licenses can be issued for longer periods matching your visa duration.
Vietnamese motorcycle licenses for foreign nationals operate under different validity rules than licenses issued to Vietnamese citizens. The government ties foreign license validity to residence status, creating a system where your motorcycle license essentially functions as a riding authorization linked to your legal presence in Vietnam.
Validity Determination Examples:
- Scenario 1: You convert your license with a work permit expiring in 8 months, but your home country license remains valid for 5 years. Your Vietnamese license expires in 8 months when your work permit expires.
- Scenario 2: Your residence card provides 2 years validity, but your home country license expires in 1 year. Your Vietnamese license expires in 1 year when your home country license expires.
- Scenario 3: You pass Vietnamese tests with a work permit valid for 18 months. Your Vietnamese license can be issued for the full 18-month period matching your work permit.
The “whichever expires first” rule requires careful attention to all three date factors. When you renew your work permit or extend your visa, you can renew your Vietnamese motorcycle license by submitting updated documentation to the Department of Transport. The renewal process mirrors the initial conversion process with updated visa documentation replacing your original application materials.
Can I Use My Vietnamese Motorcycle License to Buy Insurance?
Yes, a valid Vietnamese motorcycle license allows you to purchase both compulsory third-party insurance and comprehensive insurance from Vietnamese providers. Without a Vietnamese license, most local insurers will DENY coverage, and international insurers may reject claims for accidents occurring while riding illegally.
Vietnamese insurance law establishes motorcycle licenses as prerequisite requirements for policy issuance. Local insurance companies—including Bao Viet, Bao Minh, and PVI—require presentation of your Vietnamese motorcycle license during the application process and document your license number on the insurance policy.
The compulsory third-party insurance (called “bảo hiểm trách nhiệm dân sự bắt buộc” in Vietnamese) provides basic coverage for injuries or damages you cause to other people or property while riding. This insurance represents the legal minimum coverage required for registered motorcycles in Vietnam.
Comprehensive insurance (“bảo hiểm toàn diện”) covers damage to your own motorcycle, theft, and additional liability protection beyond the basic compulsory coverage.
Critical Insurance Considerations:
- Claims Denial Without License: If you purchase insurance using false documentation or if your license expires before an accident, insurers will DENY all claims regardless of fault. The insurance contract explicitly requires valid licensing, making this a material condition of coverage.
- Medical Coverage Exclusion: Most international travel insurance policies and expat health insurance plans include exclusions for injuries sustained while riding unlicensed motorcycles. Your medical evacuation insurance becomes worthless if your accident occurred while riding illegally—you pay all medical expenses personally.
- 1968 IDP Uncertainty: The insurance industry in Vietnam remains unclear about 1968 IDP acceptance. Some international insurance providers like World Nomads explicitly accept 1968 IDPs in their policy terms, while Vietnamese local insurers provide inconsistent responses when asked about IDP validity for policy issuance. The safest approach: obtain a Vietnamese license for guaranteed insurance eligibility.
- Legal Liability: Beyond insurance, riding without a license means you assume personal financial liability for all damages in accidents you cause. Vietnamese civil law allows injured parties to sue for damages, medical costs, lost income, and pain and suffering—potentially creating substantial liability for serious accidents.
What Documents Do I Need to Apply for a Vietnamese Motorcycle License?
Required documents for Vietnamese motorcycle license conversion: (1) completed application form, (2) notarized + translated home country motorcycle license (2 copies), (3) notarized passport copy (photo page, visa, entry stamp – 2 copies), (4) residence card, TRC, or work permit copy, (5) original passport and license for verification. Application fee: 135,000 VND (Circular 37/2023/TT-BTC).
Complete Document Checklist:
Required Documents:
- Completed application form (available at Department of Transport or downloadable from government websites)
- Home country motorcycle license (original + 2 notarized copies)
- Vietnamese translation of license (2 notarized copies with government certification)
- Passport (original + 2 copies: photo page + visa page + most recent entry stamp)
- Residence card/TRC/work permit (original + 1 copy)
- 135,000 VND cash for application processing fee (per Circular 37/2023/TT-BTC)
On-Site Requirements:
- Photograph taken by Department of Transport staff (no need to bring passport photos)
- Medical certificate (usually NOT required if license validity is based on visa duration rather than standard Vietnamese license periods per Circular 12/2025/TT-BCA)
The 2-copy requirement for most documents reflects Vietnamese government filing procedures—one copy remains with the processing office while another enters the central licensing database. Bringing fewer copies will result in application rejection and wasted time.
The application form requests standard biographical information including:
- Full legal name (matching passport exactly)
- Date of birth
- Passport number
- Current Vietnamese address
- Visa type and expiration date
- Home country license number and expiration date
- Requested license category (A1 or A)
Complete the form carefully with accurate information, as errors may delay processing or require resubmission. Most Department of Transport offices provide forms in Vietnamese only, though some locations in Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh City offer English-language versions for foreign applicants.
Frequently Asked Questions About Vietnam Motorcycle Licenses
Can Americans get a motorcycle license in Vietnam?
Yes, Americans can get a Vietnamese motorcycle license IF they have a work permit, residence card, or visa valid for 3+ months. However, American IDPs are NOT valid in Vietnam because the USA signed the 1949 Geneva Convention, not the 1968 Vienna Convention that Vietnam recognizes (Decree 46/2016/ND-CP).
American teachers represent one of the largest foreign teacher demographics in Vietnam, yet face particular challenges due to IDP invalidity. The United States automobile association (AAA) issues IDPs based on the 1949 Geneva Convention, creating documents that appear legitimate but carry zero legal authority in Vietnam.
This situation means American teachers have only one option: obtain a Vietnamese motorcycle license after securing qualifying visa status. The 7-10 working day processing time and ~$20-25 USD cost make this a manageable requirement for most teachers once they understand the necessity.
How long does it take to get a motorcycle license in Vietnam?
License conversion takes 7-10 working days from document submission. If taking tests without a home country license, expect 1-2 months total (theory test scheduling + practical test scheduling + processing).
The 7-10 working day conversion timeline applies specifically to foreign teachers who possess existing motorcycle licenses from their home countries and qualify for direct conversion. This processing time begins when you submit complete, properly notarized documentation to the Department of Transport and ends when your license becomes available for collection.
Teachers without existing motorcycle licenses face considerably longer timelines:
- Document preparation and notarization: 3-5 days
- Theory test registration and scheduling: 1-2 weeks
- Theory test preparation and attempts: 1-3 weeks (depending on language proficiency)
- Practical test scheduling after passing theory: 1-2 weeks
- Practical test and any retakes: 1-2 weeks
- License processing after passing both tests: 7-10 days
The 1-2 month total timeline for testing assumes reasonable success rates on examinations and typical scheduling availability at Department of Transport testing centers.
Can I ride a motorcycle in Vietnam with just my home country license?
No, your home country motorcycle license alone is NOT valid in Vietnam. You need EITHER a Vietnamese license OR a 1968 Vienna Convention IDP combined with your home license.
This remains one of the most common misconceptions among foreign teachers arriving in Vietnam. The visibility of millions of motorcycles on Vietnamese streets creates an impression that licensing requirements are loosely enforced or optional, leading many teachers to assume their home licenses provide adequate authorization.
Vietnamese traffic law explicitly requires compliance with local licensing regulations regardless of foreign license validity in other countries. Your American, Canadian, Australian, or British motorcycle license—no matter how many years of experience it represents—grants zero legal authority to ride in Vietnam without proper conversion or IDP supplementation.
The only legal pathways require either:
- Converting your home license to a Vietnamese license through official channels
- Obtaining a 1968 Vienna Convention IDP in your home country before arriving in Vietnam (if your country is a 1968 Convention signatory)
No alternative options exist under current Vietnamese law.
What happens if I get into an accident without a license in Vietnam?
Without a valid license, you face according to Decree 168/2024/ND-CP: (1) fines of 2-4 million VND for motorcycles >125cc, (2) vehicle impoundment for 10-15 days, (3) complete insurance denial (you pay ALL medical and damage costs), (4) potential imprisonment up to 3 years, (5) immigration consequences affecting visa status.
Accident scenarios without valid licensing create compounding legal and financial problems:
The monetary fine per Decree 168/2024/ND-CP (effective January 1, 2025) represents only the immediate traffic violation penalty. Vehicle impoundment adds storage fees for the 10-15 day impound period, plus retrieval processing fees when you eventually collect your motorcycle.
Insurance claim denial transforms moderate accidents into financial catastrophes. Emergency room visits for broken bones can cost 10-20 million VND. Without insurance coverage, you personally fund these expenses.
Criminal penalties become relevant in serious accidents involving injuries to other parties. Vietnamese law authorizes imprisonment up to 3 years for traffic violations causing injury while operating vehicles without proper licensing. While imprisonment remains relatively rare for foreign nationals, serious accidents can result in extended detention while authorities investigate and determine appropriate penalties.
Immigration consequences appear in your Vietnamese police records and can affect:
- Work permit renewals
- Visa extension applications
- Future visa applications for return visits to Vietnam
- Background checks for employment at schools requiring clean records
The combination of financial liability, criminal penalties, and immigration complications makes riding without proper licensing a high-risk decision with potentially life-altering consequences.
Can I convert my car license to a motorcycle license in Vietnam?
If your home country license covers ONLY cars (no motorcycle endorsement), you must pass the Vietnamese practical motorcycle riding test to get an A1 license. The theory test is waived if you have a valid car license. Test cost: 70,000 VND for practical exam (Circular 37/2023/TT-BTC).
Vietnamese regulations recognize existing automobile licensing as evidence of basic traffic law knowledge, creating a simplified pathway for teachers with car licenses who want to add motorcycle authorization.
The theory test waiver eliminates the most challenging barrier—the Vietnamese-language examination requiring 90% accuracy. With the theory requirement waived, you only need to:
- Complete standard document notarization and submission
- Register for the practical motorcycle riding test
- Pass the figure-8 course with 80+ points
- Pay the 70,000 VND practical test fee
The practical test uses the same course and scoring system as full licensing examinations, but without the theory test requirement, most teachers with basic motorcycle experience can obtain their A1 licenses within 3-4 weeks including document preparation, test scheduling, and license processing.
Do I need to renew my Vietnamese motorcycle license?
Yes, your Vietnamese motorcycle license expires when your visa expires or when your home country license expires (whichever comes first). You must renew it by re-submitting documents when you renew your visa or work permit.
License renewal follows similar procedures to initial conversion:
Renewal Process:
- Obtain notarized copies of your renewed visa or work permit
- Gather your expiring Vietnamese motorcycle license
- Submit renewal application to Department of Transport
- Pay renewal processing fee (135,000 VND per Circular 37/2023/TT-BTC)
- Provide updated photograph (taken on-site)
- Wait 7-10 working days for renewed license
Your renewed license will again expire based on the “whichever expires first” rule—matching your new visa expiration, work permit expiration, or home license expiration.
Many foreign teachers develop a routine of renewing their motorcycle licenses simultaneously with work permit renewals, bundling the administrative tasks into a single document preparation effort every 12-24 months.
Can I get a permanent motorcycle license in Vietnam as a foreigner?
Foreigners can get long-term motorcycle licenses matching their visa validity. Some service companies advertise “permanent” or “lifetime” A1 licenses, but these are tied to your residence status—if you leave Vietnam and your residence permit expires, the license validity ends.
The concept of “permanent” licenses creates confusion in the foreign teacher community. Vietnamese citizens who pass local testing receive motorcycle licenses with long-term validity, creating a perception that similar permanent licenses are available to foreigners.
In practice, foreign license validity remains permanently tied to residence status. Even if a service company somehow obtains a license printed with an extended validity date, Vietnamese law stipulates that foreign licenses become invalid when visa or residence authorization expires. The printed expiration date on the physical license becomes meaningless if your legal presence in Vietnam ends earlier.
Permanent residence card holders represent the one exception—foreigners who obtain permanent residence can receive standard long-term licenses matching Vietnamese citizen terms. However, permanent residence remains extremely difficult to obtain, typically requiring:
- 3+ years temporary residence
- Significant business investment or marriage to Vietnamese citizen
- Vietnamese language proficiency
- Demonstrated integration into Vietnamese society
For the vast majority of foreign teachers working on 1-2 year work permits, “permanent” licenses remain unavailable regardless of service company promises.
Is the Vietnamese motorcycle license test difficult?
The theory test is challenging because it’s 100% in Vietnamese with no interpreters (20 questions, need 18 correct). The practical test is moderate difficulty—a figure-8 course requiring slow-speed balance control. Most people pass the practical test on the first attempt but may need multiple attempts for the theory test due to the language barrier.
Test difficulty assessments vary significantly based on individual factors:
Theory Test Challenges:
- Vietnamese language proficiency determines difficulty dramatically
- 90% passing threshold allows only 2 mistakes
- Traffic vocabulary differs substantially from everyday Vietnamese
- No official study materials in English
- Computer interface operates entirely in Vietnamese
Foreign teachers with intermediate Vietnamese language skills often pass on the first or second attempt, while teachers with minimal Vietnamese may require 5-10 attempts even with memorization strategies.
Practical Test Challenges:
- Figure-8 course requires slow-speed balance
- Semi-automatic transmission unfamiliar to automatic scooter riders
- Tight course boundaries leave little margin for error
- Ground sensors provide instant penalty feedback
- Test motorcycles differ from personal bikes
Foreign teachers with prior motorcycle experience typically pass the practical test on the first attempt, while complete beginners may need 2-3 attempts to develop adequate slow-speed control skills.
The overall difficulty varies: conversion applicants face minimal challenges with straightforward document preparation, while testing applicants face significant language barriers making the theory examination the most substantial hurdle in the entire licensing process.
What are the fines for riding without a license in 2025?
According to Decree 168/2024/ND-CP (effective January 1, 2025, Article 18): Motorcycles ≤125cc face fines of 2-4 million VND. Additional penalties include vehicle impoundment for 10-15 days.
The 2025 penalties under Decree 168/2024/ND-CP represent substantial increases from previous years, reflecting Vietnam’s commitment to stronger traffic law enforcement:
Fine Structure by Engine Size:
- Motorcycles up to 125cc or electric motorcycles up to 11kW: 2,000,000 – 4,000,000 VND (Article 18, Clause 5)
- Motorcycles over 125cc or electric motorcycles over 11kW: 6,000,000 – 8,000,000 VND (Article 18, Clause 7)
Additional Administrative Penalties:
- Vehicle impoundment: 10-15 days
- Storage fees during impoundment period
- Administrative processing fees for vehicle retrieval
Insurance Implications:
- Complete denial of travel insurance claims
- Denial of medical insurance claims for accident-related injuries
- Personal liability for all medical expenses and property damage
The enforcement of these penalties has intensified with increased police checkpoints on popular tourist routes and stronger coordination between traffic police departments nationwide.
Should Foreign Teachers Get a Vietnamese Motorcycle License or Use IDP?
Get a Vietnamese license if: (1) your country doesn’t have a valid 1968 IDP (USA, Canada, Australia, UK), (2) you’re staying in Vietnam long-term (6+ months), (3) you want full insurance eligibility with local providers. Use 1968 IDP if: (1) your country signed the 1968 Convention, (2) you’re staying short-term (3-6 months), (3) you want to avoid bureaucracy.
| Factor | Vietnamese License | 1968 IDP |
|---|---|---|
| Eligibility | 3+ month visa required | Must be from 1968 Convention country |
| Processing Time | 7-10 days | Get before arriving (in home country) |
| Cost | ~$20-25 USD (DIY) | $15-30 USD (varies by country) |
| Validity in Vietnam | Matches visa duration | Valid with original license |
| Insurance | Full local coverage | Some providers unclear |
| Renewability | Yes (with visa renewal) | No (get new IDP at home) |
| Best For | USA/Canada/Australia/UK teachers, long-term stays | EU teachers, short-term stays |
The decision matrix simplifies dramatically for American, Canadian, Australian, and British teachers: no valid IDP option exists, making Vietnamese license conversion the only legal pathway. The ~$20-25 USD cost and 7-10 day processing time represent minimal investments for legal compliance and insurance eligibility.
Teachers from 1968 Convention countries (most EU nations, Philippines, South Korea) face genuine choice between IDP and conversion:
IDP Advantages:
- No Vietnamese bureaucracy
- Obtain before departure
- Valid across multiple 1968 Convention countries
- Simple replacement if lost (obtain new IDP in home country)
Vietnamese License Advantages:
- Guaranteed insurance acceptance
- Renewable indefinitely with visa renewals
- No need to obtain new documents during home country visits
- More familiar to Vietnamese police and insurance companies
Recommended Strategy:
- Short-term contracts (3-6 months): Use 1968 IDP if eligible—the convenience outweighs the minor insurance uncertainty for brief assignments.
- Long-term contracts (1+ years): Convert to Vietnamese license—the one-time processing investment pays dividends through simplified renewals and guaranteed insurance eligibility.
- Countries without valid IDPs: Convert immediately upon receiving work permit—no alternative exists for legal riding.
Getting a motorcycle license in Vietnam requires either license conversion (7-10 days, ~$20-25 USD) or using a 1968 IDP (if from eligible country). Foreign teachers need a work permit or 3+ month visa to convert licenses. Budget $20-25 USD for DIY or $150-350 USD for service companies. Key reminder: Apply soon after arriving to avoid fines of 2-8 million VND (depending on motorcycle size per Decree 168/2024/ND-CP) and insurance complications.
The licensing process, while initially appearing complex, becomes straightforward once you understand the specific requirements and document workflows. Most foreign teachers successfully navigate the system independently, completing conversion in approximately two weeks from initial document gathering to license collection.
The combination of legal compliance, insurance protection, and financial risk mitigation makes obtaining proper licensing a foundational priority for foreign teachers in Vietnam. The modest time investment and minimal cost pale in comparison to the potential consequences of riding illegally—particularly when accidents involve serious injuries or property damage.
Begin your licensing process during your first week in Vietnam once you receive your work permit or qualifying visa. The 7-10 day processing timeline allows you to complete the conversion before most schools finalize new teacher schedules, ensuring you have legal authorization before beginning regular commutes or weekend exploration rides.
Need More Help Settling Into Vietnam as a Teacher?
Getting your motorcycle license is just one step in establishing your life in Vietnam. From opening bank accounts to understanding Vietnamese labor laws, we’ve got comprehensive guides to help foreign teachers navigate every aspect of living and working in Vietnam.
Explore more essential guides in our DAILY LIVING ESSENTIALS category for everything you need to know about practical life in Vietnam—from healthcare and housing to food and transportation.
Whether you’re preparing to move to Vietnam or already teaching here, our resources provide verified, up-to-date information on work permits, visa regulations, banking, accommodation, and the daily practicalities that make teaching in Vietnam rewarding and manageable.
LEGAL DISCLAIMER: This guide is based on Decree 46/2016/ND-CP, Decree 168/2024/ND-CP, Law 36/2024/QH15, Circular 37/2023/TT-BTC, and Circular 12/2025/TT-BCA as verified through official Vietnamese government legal databases and authoritative sources. Vietnamese law changes periodically—always verify current requirements with your local Department of Transport before beginning the application process.
